اقتصاد توکنی Binance Coin (BNB)

BNB (Binance Coin) is the native token of the BNB Chain ecosystem, which includes both the BNB Smart Chain (BSC) and BNB Beacon Chain. Its token economics are defined by its issuance, allocation, usage, incentives, and locking/unlocking mechanisms. Below is a comprehensive breakdown:

Issuance Mechanism

• Initial Issuance: BNB was launched via an ICO on July 5, 2017, with a maximum supply of 200 million tokens.
• Distribution: Investors received BNB tokens within 5 working days after the ICO finished.
• Burn Mechanism: BNB employs a deflationary model, with regular token burns reducing the total supply. As of December 2024, the total supply is approximately 150.54 million BNB, down from the initial 200 million.

Allocation Mechanism

The initial allocation of BNB was as follows:

• Founding Team: The team’s allocation was subject to a vesting schedule, with 20% unlocked at launch and the remainder released in equal annual tranches over four years.
• Angel Investors: Received their allocation at genesis, with no further details specified.

Usage and Incentive Mechanisms

BNB serves multiple purposes within the BNB Chain and Binance ecosystem:

• Transaction Fees: Used to pay for transaction fees on BNB Chain, often at a discounted rate.
• Staking and Delegation: Tokenholders can delegate BNB to validators to secure the network and earn rewards. Delegators can remove staked BNB with a seven-day unbonding period.
• Earning Platforms:
  • BNB Vault: Users can lock BNB to earn aggregated rewards from Simple Earn and Launchpool features (e.g., ~0.18% APR as of December 2024).
  • Simple Earn: BNB can be deposited for fixed terms (15–120 days) to earn varying APRs.
  • Launchpad/Launchpool: BNB can be staked to earn new project tokens or event-specific rewards.
• Slashing: Validators are penalized (slashed) for misbehavior (e.g., double-signing or missing blocks), with BNB deducted as a penalty.

Locking and Unlocking Mechanisms

• Team and Early Investors: Subject to a cliff and vesting schedule, as detailed above.
• Staking/Delegation: Unbonding period of seven days for staked BNB.
• Earning Products: Locking periods vary by product (e.g., 15–120 days for Simple Earn).
• No Minimum/Maximum: Most staking/locking products do not enforce minimum or maximum amounts.

Unlocking Schedule Table

Token Supply and Burn

• Migration: BNB migrated from Ethereum (ERC-20) to BNB Chain (BEP-2, then BSC).
• Burns: Regular token burns reduce supply, with the goal of eventually reaching 100 million BNB.

Ecosystem and DeFi Usage

• DeFi Integration: BNB is widely used in DeFi applications on BNB Chain, such as PancakeSwap, Venus, and others, for liquidity provision, yield farming, and governance.
• TVL Dominance: PancakeSwap and Venus are leading DeFi platforms by TVL on BNB Chain.

Summary Table

Key Takeaways

• BNB’s tokenomics are designed for long-term sustainability, with a deflationary supply, clear vesting for insiders, and broad utility across the BNB Chain and Binance ecosystem.
• Incentive mechanisms encourage participation in network security, DeFi, and new project launches.
• Locking and unlocking schedules are transparent, with most major allocations fully unlocked by 2021, and ongoing burns further reducing supply.

If you need more granular details on specific allocation percentages or want to see historical unlock charts, let me know!